Money Laundering a Financial Crime: How Pakistan Deals with It?
Money laundering (ML) is a worldwide delinquent that needs to be addressed by every state. Its purpose is to hide or promote illicitly. The illegal actions generate financial flows, including diverting resources away from economically productive activities that may influence financial sectors and the external stability of the state. The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and the other anti-money laundering (AML) programs are one of the strategies to prevent ML, but still, there is a need to know more about the existing laws and regulations to avoid this crime. This research examines the legislative frameworks used to combat ML, how it works, and what modification is required. The qualitative method was used in this study to analyze statutes, local and international protocols. It suggests that the latest amendment creates multiple essential modifications and is carefully prepared to address legal glitches, assuring effective AML legislation and trying to meet international guidelines.
-
Money Laundering, Corruption, Terrorism Funding, Financial Action Task Force, Drug Trafficking, Market Manipulation, Financial Crime
-
(1) Naheeda Ali
Assistant Professor, Department of Law, The University of the Punjab, Gujranwala Campus, Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Kanwal Iqbal Khan
Assistant Professor, Institute of Business and Management, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
- Abu, E. A. (2019). Definition of legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime. Legea şi Viaţa, 331(7/2), 3-6.
- Alexander, K. (2001). The International Anti-Money- Laundering Regime: The Role of the Financial Action Task Force. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 4(3), 231–248. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb027276
- Aluko, A., & Bagheri, M. (2012). The impact of money laundering on economic and financial stability and on political development in developing countries: The case of Nigeria. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 15(4), 442- 457. https://doi.org/10.1108/13685201211266024
- Anwar, M. F., Uz Zaman, Q., Ashraf, R. U., Ul Hassan, S. I., & Abbas, K. (2022). Overview of money laundering laws after 2020 amendments in Pakistan. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 25(1), 195–205. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-02-2021-0012
- Alam, A., Sajid, I. A., & Hussain, S. (2022). Money Laundering as an Organized Crime: The Legal and Institutional Measures for Controlling Money Laundering in Pakistan. Journal of Social Sciences Review, 2(1), 1-19.
- Bartolozzi, D., Gara, M., Marchetti, D. J., & Masciandaro, D. (2022). Designing the anti- money laundering supervisor: The governance of the financial intelligence units. International Review of Economics & Finance, 80(April), 1093– 1109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2022.03.009
- Bauhr, M., & Grimes, M. (2012). What is government transparency? QoG Working Paper Series, 2012(16), 1–16. https://qog.pol.gu.se/digitalAssets/1418/1418047_2012_16_bauhr_grimes.pdf%0Ahttp://www.sahlgrenska.gu.se/digitalAssets/1418/1418047_2012_16_bauhr_grimes.pd
- Khan, A., & Akhtar, N. (2022). A critical appraisal of tax evasion as predicate offence for money laundering. Pakistan Journal of Multidisciplinary Innovation, 1(1), 37-44.
- Kang, S. (2018). Rethinking The Global Anti-Money Laundering Regulations To Deter Corruption. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 67(3), 695–720. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020589318000106
- Ogle, V. (2017). Archipelago Capitalism: Tax Havens, Offshore Money, and the State, 1950s–1970s. The American Historical Review, 122(5), 1431– 1458. https://doi.org/10.1093/ahr/122.5.1431
- Qadeer, M., Gul, S., & Asghar, M. F. (2021). Money laundering and power politics in Pakistan. Global Legal Studies Review, 6(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.31703/glsr.2021(vi-i).04
- Ramada, D. P. (2022). Prevention of money laundering: various models, problems and challenges. Journal of Law and Legal Reform, 3(1), 67-84.
- Tsingou, E. (2010). Global financial governance and the developing anti-money laundering regime: What lessons for International Political Economy? International Politics, 47(6), 617–637. https://doi.org/10.1057/ip.2010.32
- UNODC. (2020). Money Laundering, Proceeds of Crime and the Financing of Terrorism. January. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/money-laundering/index.html
- Yeh, S. S. (2022). New financial action task force recommendations to fight corruption and money laundering . Laws, 11(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws11010008
- Zavoli, I., & King, C. (2021b). The Challenges of Implementing Anti-Money Laundering Regulation: An Empirical Analysis. The Modern Law Review, 84(4), 740–771. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2230.12628
Cite this article
-
APA : Ali, N., & Khan, K. I. (2022). Money Laundering a Financial Crime: How Pakistan Deals with It?. Global Legal Studies Review, VII(I), 41 - 51 . https://doi.org/10.31703/glsr.2022(VII-I).06
-
CHICAGO : Ali, Naheeda, and Kanwal Iqbal Khan. 2022. "Money Laundering a Financial Crime: How Pakistan Deals with It?." Global Legal Studies Review, VII (I): 41 - 51 doi: 10.31703/glsr.2022(VII-I).06
-
HARVARD : ALI, N. & KHAN, K. I. 2022. Money Laundering a Financial Crime: How Pakistan Deals with It?. Global Legal Studies Review, VII, 41 - 51 .
-
MHRA : Ali, Naheeda, and Kanwal Iqbal Khan. 2022. "Money Laundering a Financial Crime: How Pakistan Deals with It?." Global Legal Studies Review, VII: 41 - 51
-
MLA : Ali, Naheeda, and Kanwal Iqbal Khan. "Money Laundering a Financial Crime: How Pakistan Deals with It?." Global Legal Studies Review, VII.I (2022): 41 - 51 Print.
-
OXFORD : Ali, Naheeda and Khan, Kanwal Iqbal (2022), "Money Laundering a Financial Crime: How Pakistan Deals with It?", Global Legal Studies Review, VII (I), 41 - 51
-
TURABIAN : Ali, Naheeda, and Kanwal Iqbal Khan. "Money Laundering a Financial Crime: How Pakistan Deals with It?." Global Legal Studies Review VII, no. I (2022): 41 - 51 . https://doi.org/10.31703/glsr.2022(VII-I).06