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- Al – Quran 2:104. (n.d.)
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- Madni, M. A. (1994). Verdict of Islamic Law on Blasphemy and Apostasy.
- Malik, S. A. (2017). Blasphemy: A Crime in Pakistan Penal Code versus the Traditional Perspective. PLR 8. https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi- bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/pakislr8&s ection=9
- Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan v District Magistrate, 642 (Lahore 1965).
- Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan v District Magistrate, PLD 1965 Lahore 642.
- iddique, O. (2008). Unholy speech and holy laws: Blasphemy laws in Pakistan-controversial origins, design defects, and free speech implications. Minn. J. Int'l L., 303. https://heinonline.org/hol- cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/mjgt17§ion=15
- Quigley, J. (1992). The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Supremacy Clause. DePaul L. Rev. 42, 42-87. Retrieved from https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/deplr42&s ection=63
- Rafiq, A. (2015). Section 295-C of Pakistan Penal Code: Controversy and Criticism. http://www.savap.org.pk/journals/ARInt./Vol.6(3 )/2015(6.3-38).pdf
- Rajpal v Emperor AIR 1927 Lahore 590
- Rashid, M. (2020). Blasphemy of Salman Rushdie and shifting legal discourse in India. Contemporary Islam, 14(1), 1-18. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11562- 019-00435-w
- Rumi, R. (2018). Unpacking the blasphemy laws of Pakistan. Asian Affairs, 49(2), 319-339. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0 3068374.2018.1469338
- Stevens, J. P. (1992). The freedom of speech. Yale LJ 102, 12-93. https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/ylr102&sec tion=49
- Sturges, P. (2015). Limits to freedom of expression? The problem of blasphemy. IFLA journal , 2(41), 112-119. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0340035215584778
- Ahmad, M. M. (2018). Pakistani Blasphemy Law between Ḥadd and SiyÄsah. Islamic Studies, 57(1), 9-44. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26617665
- Akhtar, Z. (2022). Blasphemy Cases in Pakistan: 1947 – 2021. CRSS. https://crss.pk/blasphemy-cases-in- pakistan-1947-2021/
- Al – Quran 2:104. (n.d.)
- Al – Quran 33: 70 – 71. (n.d.).
- Al – Quran 4:148. (n.d.).
- Al – Quran 49:2. (n.d.).
- Al – Quran 58:5. (n.d.)
- Al – Quran 6:68. (n.d.)
- Al – Quran 9:12. (n.d.)
- Al – Quran 9:61. (n.d.)
- Khan, A. U. (2018). Personal-cum-Political Security & Blasphemy Laws in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis. Pakistan Journal of Criminology, 1(10), 121. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Asad- Ullah-30/publication/363585606_42_An_Assessment _of_Association_between_Financial_Constraint_Protection_Gap_With_Respect_to_International_ Health_Assistance_in_internally_displaced_persons_PJCVol10No1January2018/
- Amnesty, I. (2016). Pakistan: How the Blasphemy Laws Enable Abuse,†December 21, . International Amnesty. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/press-release/2016/12/pakistan-how-the-blasphemy-laws-enable-abuse/
- Article10. (1948). Human Right Act. Human Right Commission. https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/human-rights-act/article-10-freedom-thought-belief-and religion#:~:text=Everyone%20has%20the%20right%20to,worship%2C%20teaching%20practice%20and%20observance
- Article18. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. United Nation. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
- Article18. (1996). International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. United Nations General Assembly. https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/ccpr.pdf
- Article19. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. United Nation. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
- Article19. (1973). The Constitution of Pakistan. https://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution /
- Article19. (1996). International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. United Nations General Assembly. https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/ccpr.pdf
- Article19&20. (1973). The Constitution of Pakistan. https://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution /
- Article9. (1948). Human Rights Act. Equality and Human Rights Commission. https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/huma n-rights-act/article-9-freedom-thought-belief- and- religion#:~:text=Everyone%20has%20the%20rig ht%20to,worship%2C%20teaching%20practice %20and%20observance
- Asad, T. (2009). Free speech, blasphemy, and secular criticism." Is critique secular? Blasphemy, injury, and free speech 2, 20-63. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id= caiLDgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA20&dq=FREED OM+OF+SPEECH+IN+ISLAM&ots=DaBIN2TDA M&sig=ioDKgUYyDUoMkFY9OabHNIsv_kw
- Callamard, A. (2008). Expert meeting of the links between articles 19 and 20 of the ICCPR. https://www.menschenrechte.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Freedom-of-expression-and-advocacy-of-religious-hatred-that-constitutes-incitement-to-discrimination-hostility-or-violence.pdf
- Devi Sharan Sharma v. the Emperor AIR 1927 Lahore 594.
- Holzapfel, C. (2014). Can I Say That: How an International Blasphemy Law Pits the Freedom of Religion against the Freedom of Speech. Emory Int'l L. Rev. 28, 597. https://heinonline.org/hol- cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/emint28§ion=17
- Khan, D. Z. (2018). "Freedom of Speech and Blasphemy," September 27. https://nation.com.pk/28-Sep-2018/freedom-of-speech-and-blasphemy.
- The Nation. Khan, O. (2016). In the Name of God: Problems with Pakistan's Blasphemy Laws. Cornell International Law Journal, 12-24. https://cornellilj.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Omar-Khan-In-the-Name-of-God-3-CILJO-31.pdf
- Knight, F. H. (1941). The Meaning of Freedom. Ethics, 86-109. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/290262
- Lawton, D. (1993). Blasphemy. University of Pennsylvania Press. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id= twcSyyujZ0wC&oi=fnd&pg=PP10&dq=MEANIN G+OF+BLASPHEMY&ots=M2SInBUVXv&sig=0 mhe-UMpEaPxF25ZA6ew19mEbO0
- Madni, M. A. (1994). Verdict of Islamic Law on Blasphemy and Apostasy.
- Malik, S. A. (2017). Blasphemy: A Crime in Pakistan Penal Code versus the Traditional Perspective. PLR 8. https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi- bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/pakislr8&s ection=9
- Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan v District Magistrate, 642 (Lahore 1965).
- Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan v District Magistrate, PLD 1965 Lahore 642.
- iddique, O. (2008). Unholy speech and holy laws: Blasphemy laws in Pakistan-controversial origins, design defects, and free speech implications. Minn. J. Int'l L., 303. https://heinonline.org/hol- cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/mjgt17§ion=15
- Quigley, J. (1992). The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Supremacy Clause. DePaul L. Rev. 42, 42-87. Retrieved from https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/deplr42&s ection=63
- Rafiq, A. (2015). Section 295-C of Pakistan Penal Code: Controversy and Criticism. http://www.savap.org.pk/journals/ARInt./Vol.6(3 )/2015(6.3-38).pdf
- Rajpal v Emperor AIR 1927 Lahore 590
- Rashid, M. (2020). Blasphemy of Salman Rushdie and shifting legal discourse in India. Contemporary Islam, 14(1), 1-18. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11562- 019-00435-w
- Rumi, R. (2018). Unpacking the blasphemy laws of Pakistan. Asian Affairs, 49(2), 319-339. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0 3068374.2018.1469338
- Stevens, J. P. (1992). The freedom of speech. Yale LJ 102, 12-93. https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/ylr102&sec tion=49
- Sturges, P. (2015). Limits to freedom of expression? The problem of blasphemy. IFLA journal , 2(41), 112-119. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0340035215584778
Cite this article
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APA : Talha, A., Mukhtar, S., & Mustafa, M. (2023). A Comprehensive Study of Blasphemy and Freedom OF Speech in the Light of Islamic Jurisprudence and the Pakistani Legal Perspective: A Critical Analysis. Global Legal Studies Review, VIII(II), 43-53. https://doi.org/10.31703/glsr.2023(VIII-II).06
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CHICAGO : Talha, Ahmad, Sohaib Mukhtar, and Muhammad Mustafa. 2023. "A Comprehensive Study of Blasphemy and Freedom OF Speech in the Light of Islamic Jurisprudence and the Pakistani Legal Perspective: A Critical Analysis." Global Legal Studies Review, VIII (II): 43-53 doi: 10.31703/glsr.2023(VIII-II).06
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HARVARD : TALHA, A., MUKHTAR, S. & MUSTAFA, M. 2023. A Comprehensive Study of Blasphemy and Freedom OF Speech in the Light of Islamic Jurisprudence and the Pakistani Legal Perspective: A Critical Analysis. Global Legal Studies Review, VIII, 43-53.
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MHRA : Talha, Ahmad, Sohaib Mukhtar, and Muhammad Mustafa. 2023. "A Comprehensive Study of Blasphemy and Freedom OF Speech in the Light of Islamic Jurisprudence and the Pakistani Legal Perspective: A Critical Analysis." Global Legal Studies Review, VIII: 43-53
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MLA : Talha, Ahmad, Sohaib Mukhtar, and Muhammad Mustafa. "A Comprehensive Study of Blasphemy and Freedom OF Speech in the Light of Islamic Jurisprudence and the Pakistani Legal Perspective: A Critical Analysis." Global Legal Studies Review, VIII.II (2023): 43-53 Print.
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OXFORD : Talha, Ahmad, Mukhtar, Sohaib, and Mustafa, Muhammad (2023), "A Comprehensive Study of Blasphemy and Freedom OF Speech in the Light of Islamic Jurisprudence and the Pakistani Legal Perspective: A Critical Analysis", Global Legal Studies Review, VIII (II), 43-53
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TURABIAN : Talha, Ahmad, Sohaib Mukhtar, and Muhammad Mustafa. "A Comprehensive Study of Blasphemy and Freedom OF Speech in the Light of Islamic Jurisprudence and the Pakistani Legal Perspective: A Critical Analysis." Global Legal Studies Review VIII, no. II (2023): 43-53. https://doi.org/10.31703/glsr.2023(VIII-II).06